【Docker】镜像制作和管理
一、Docker镜像说明
二、基于容器通过 docker commit 手动制作镜像
1、基于容器手动制作镜像步骤
1、下载官方系统镜像
2、基于官方基础镜像启动容器，并进入容器
3、在容器中进行配置操作
3.1、安装基础工具
3.2、配置运行环境
3.3、安装并配置服务
3.4、存放业务程序代码
4、docker commit 提交生成新镜像
5、基于定制镜像生成容器并测试
2、基于centos7官方镜像，手动制作yum安装nginx定制镜像
2.1、下载centos7官方镜像，并启动进入容器
centos官方镜像：https://hub.docker.com/_/centos/tags
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker pull centos:7 7: Pulling from library/centos 2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7 docker.io/library/centos:7 [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE alpine latest c059bfaa849c 17 months ago 5.59MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 19 months ago 13.3kB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 19 months ago 204MB [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker run -d --name centos-nginx centos:7 tail -f /etc/hosts 502a7a7faae8b7a3c3fa177baec1009d1bc9caabb8b782f887767b35e16ecb8a [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 502a7a7faae8 centos:7 "tail -f /etc/hosts" 8 seconds ago Up 7 seconds centos-nginx [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker exec -it centos-nginx bash [root@502a7a7faae8 /]#
2.2、在容器内安装基础工具，并配置环境
##配置容器内 yum 源 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 2523 100 2523 0 0 28084 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 28348 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS-Base.repo [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Cleaning repos: base extras updates [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum makecache fast Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 249 kB 00:00:00 (3/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 20 MB 00:00:08 base/7/x86_64/primary_db FAILED http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/repodata/6d0c3a488c282fe537794b5946b01e28c7f44db79097bb06826e1c0c88bad5ef-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; Connection refused" Trying other mirror. (4/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:01 Metadata Cache Created ##yum安装常用基础工具 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum install -y psmisc tree wget vim net-tools bash-completion Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed ---> Package psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7 will be installed ---> Package tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: vim-common = 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: which for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgpm.so.2()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.7-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: vim-filesystem for package: 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package which.x86_64 0:2.20-7.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed ---> Package vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 will be installed ---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch --> Processing Dependency: groff-base for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch ---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed ---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================ Installing: bash-completion noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 base 87 k net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 base 306 k psmisc x86_64 22.20-17.el7 base 141 k tree x86_64 1.6.0-10.el7 base 46 k vim-enhanced x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 1.1 M wget x86_64 1.14-18.el7_6.1 base 547 k Installing for dependencies: gpm-libs x86_64 1.20.7-6.el7 base 32 k groff-base x86_64 1.22.2-8.el7 base 942 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 base 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 base 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 base 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 base 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 base 56 k perl-Filter x86_64 1.49-3.el7 base 76 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 2.40-3.el7 base 56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.033-3.el7 base 38 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.40-5.el7 base 82 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 updates 52 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.20-4.el7 base 87 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 base 216 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 1.63-3.el7 base 27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 1.27-248.el7 base 36 k perl-Socket x86_64 2.010-5.el7 base 49 k perl-Storable x86_64 2.45-3.el7 base 77 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.29-4.el7 base 14 k perl-Time-HiRes x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 base 45 k perl-Time-Local noarch 1.2300-2.el7 base 24 k perl-constant noarch 1.27-2.el7 base 19 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 690 k perl-macros x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 updates 44 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 base 12 k perl-podlators noarch 2.5.1-3.el7 base 112 k perl-threads x86_64 1.87-4.el7 base 49 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.43-6.el7 base 39 k vim-common x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 5.9 M vim-filesystem x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 updates 11 k which x86_64 2.20-7.el7 base 41 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================ Install 6 Packages (+32 Dependent packages) Total download size: 20 M Installed size: 67 M Downloading packages: groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 FAILED http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com; Unknown error" Trying other mirror. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY-:-- ETA Public key for gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (1/38): gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00 (2/38): bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00 (3/38): net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm | 306 kB 00:00:00 (4/38): perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (5/38): perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 28 kB 00:00:00 (6/38): perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 26 kB 00:00:00 (7/38): perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 56 kB 00:00:00 (8/38): perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:00:00 (9/38): perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 76 kB 00:00:00 (10/38): perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 38 kB 00:00:00 (11/38): perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 56 kB 00:00:00 (12/38): perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00 (13/38): perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 216 kB 00:00:00 (14/38): perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 82 kB 00:00:00 (15/38): perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 27 kB 00:00:00 (16/38): perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00 Public key for perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm is not installed (17/38): perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 8.0 MB 00:00:01 (18/38): perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch.rpm | 52 kB 00:00:00 (19/38): perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00 (20/38): perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00:00 (21/38): perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 45 kB 00:00:00 (22/38): perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00:00 (23/38): perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 24 kB 00:00:00 (24/38): perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 19 kB 00:00:00 (25/38): perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 112 kB 00:00:00 (26/38): perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch.rpm | 12 kB 00:00:00 (27/38): perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 39 kB 00:00:00 (28/38): perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 44 kB 00:00:00 (29/38): psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 141 kB 00:00:00 (30/38): perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 690 kB 00:00:00 (31/38): perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 49 kB 00:00:00 (32/38): tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 46 kB 00:00:00 (33/38): vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:00:00 (34/38): vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 11 kB 00:00:00 (35/38): which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 41 kB 00:00:00 (36/38): wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm | 547 kB 00:00:00 (37/38): vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 5.9 MB 00:00:00 (38/38): groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 942 kB 00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 7.0 MB/s | 20 MB 00:00:02 Retrieving key from http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5: Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>" Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5 From : http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64 1/38 Installing : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 2/38 Installing : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 3/38 Installing : which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64 4/38 install-info: No such file or directory for /usr/share/info/which.info.gz Installing : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 5/38 Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 6/38 Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 7/38 Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 8/38 Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 9/38 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch 10/38 Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 11/38 Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 12/38 Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 13/38 Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 14/38 Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 15/38 Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 16/38 Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 17/38 Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64 18/38 Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 19/38 Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 20/38 Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 21/38 Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 22/38 Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 23/38 Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 24/38 Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 25/38 Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 26/38 Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 27/38 Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 28/38 Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 29/38 Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 30/38 Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 31/38 Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 32/38 Installing : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 33/38 Installing : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64 34/38 Installing : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 35/38 install-info: No such file or directory for /usr/share/info/wget.info.gz Installing : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 36/38 Installing : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 37/38 Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 38/38 Verifying : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 1/38 Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 2/38 Verifying : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 3/38 Verifying : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 4/38 Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 5/38 Verifying : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 6/38 Verifying : 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 7/38 Verifying : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 8/38 Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 9/38 Verifying : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 10/38 Verifying : perl-Socket-2.010-5.el7.x86_64 11/38 Verifying : which-2.20-7.el7.x86_64 12/38 Verifying : 2:vim-filesystem-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 13/38 Verifying : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 14/38 Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 15/38 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 16/38 Verifying : tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 17/38 Verifying : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 18/38 Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-299.el7_9.noarch 19/38 Verifying : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 20/38 Verifying : 1:bash-completion-2.1-8.el7.noarch 21/38 Verifying : 2:vim-common-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 22/38 Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 23/38 Verifying : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 24/38 Verifying : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 25/38 Verifying : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 26/38 Verifying : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 27/38 Verifying : 4:perl-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 28/38 Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 29/38 Verifying : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 30/38 Verifying : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 31/38 Verifying : gpm-libs-1.20.7-6.el7.x86_64 32/38 Verifying : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 33/38 Verifying : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 34/38 Verifying : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 35/38 Verifying : wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 36/38 Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-299.el7_9.x86_64 37/38 Verifying : psmisc-22.20-17.el7.x86_64 38/38 Installed: bash-completion.noarch 1:2.1-8.el7 net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 psmisc.x86_64 0:22.20-17.el7 tree.x86_64 0:1.6.0-10.el7 vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 wget.x86_64 0:1.14-18.el7_6.1 Dependency Installed: gpm-libs.x86_64 0:1.20.7-6.el7 groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-299.el7_9 perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-5.el7 perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-299.el7_9 perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 vim-common.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 vim-filesystem.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 which.x86_64 0:2.20-7.el7 Complete!
2.3、在容器内安装配置nginx，生成业务数据，设置服务前台运行
## 安装epel源 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo --2023-04-24 14:23:54-- https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 120.226.58.184, 120.226.58.182, 120.226.58.185, ... Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|120.226.58.184|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 664 [application/octet-stream] Saving to: '/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo' 100%[======================================================================================================>] 664 --.-K/s in 0s 2023-04-24 14:23:54 (124 MB/s) - '/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo' saved [664/664] [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum makecache fast Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 99 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (3/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:01 Metadata Cache Created ##安装nginx [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# yum install -y nginx Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.20.1-10.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_0)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1(OPENSSL_1_1_1)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: openssl for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: redhat-indexhtml for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: system-logos for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.1.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package centos-logos.noarch 0:70.0.6-3.el7.centos will be installed ---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: make for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 ---> Package openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package make.x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7 will be installed ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7 will be updated ---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 will be an update --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================ Installing: nginx x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7 epel 588 k Installing for dependencies: centos-indexhtml noarch 7-9.el7.centos base 92 k centos-logos noarch 70.0.6-3.el7.centos base 21 M gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k make x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7 base 421 k nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7 epel 24 k openssl x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 updates 494 k openssl11-libs x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7 epel 1.5 M Updating for dependencies: openssl-libs x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 updates 1.2 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+7 Dependent packages) Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package) Total download size: 26 M Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. (1/9): centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch.rpm | 92 kB 00:00:00 (2/9): gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 272 kB 00:00:00 (3/9): make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64.rpm | 421 kB 00:00:00 (4/9): openssl-libs-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00:00 (5/9): nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm | 24 kB 00:00:00 (6/9): openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64.rpm | 494 kB 00:00:00 (7/9): nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64.rpm | 588 kB 00:00:00 (8/9): openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:00:00 (9/9): centos-logos-70.0.6-3.el7.centos.noarch.rpm | 21 MB 00:00:02 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 12 MB/s | 26 MB 00:00:02 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : centos-logos-70.0.6-3.el7.centos.noarch 1/10 Installing : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 2/10 Installing : 1:make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64 3/10 Installing : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64 4/10 Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 5/10 Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch 6/10 Updating : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 7/10 Installing : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 8/10 Installing : 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 9/10 Cleanup : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-19.el7.x86_64 10/10 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 1/10 Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch 2/10 Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 3/10 Verifying : 1:openssl11-libs-1.1.1k-5.el7.x86_64 4/10 Verifying : 1:nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64 5/10 Verifying : 1:make-3.82-24.el7.x86_64 6/10 Verifying : centos-indexhtml-7-9.el7.centos.noarch 7/10 Verifying : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-26.el7_9.x86_64 8/10 Verifying : centos-logos-70.0.6-3.el7.centos.noarch 9/10 Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-19.el7.x86_64 10/10 Installed: nginx.x86_64 1:1.20.1-10.el7 Dependency Installed: centos-indexhtml.noarch 0:7-9.el7.centos centos-logos.noarch 0:70.0.6-3.el7.centos gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 make.x86_64 1:3.82-24.el7 nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.20.1-10.el7 openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 openssl11-libs.x86_64 1:1.1.1k-5.el7 Dependency Updated: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 Complete! ##创建业务数据 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.20.1 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep root root /usr/share/nginx/html; # root /usr/share/nginx/html; [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# ll /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Apr 24 14:24 /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html -> ../../doc/HTML/index.html [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# echo "nginix-1.20.1 on in docker" > /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html bash: /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html: No such file or directory [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# mkdir -p /usr/share/doc/HTML/ [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# echo "nginix-1.20.1 on in docker" > /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# ##启动nginx服务，验证服务正常启动 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# nginx [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# netstat -ntl Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# hostname -i 172.17.0.2 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# curl 172.17.0.2 nginix-1.20.1 on in docker ##修改nginx服务配置daemon off;，设置服务前台运行 [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf | grep daemon daemon off; [root@502a7a7faae8 /]# nginx
2.4、提交生成镜像
## 提交生成镜像：
# 作者 janzen.com
# 描述 Base centos7 yum install nginx-1.20.1 v1.0
# 暴露端口 80 443
# 引用容器 502a7a7faae8
# 生成镜像名称 janzen/nginx-centos7
# 镜像版本 1.20.1-v1.0
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 502a7a7faae8 centos:7 "tail -f /etc/hosts" About an hour ago Up About an hour centos-nginx [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker commit -a "janzen.com" -m "Base centos7 yum install nginx-1.20.1 v1.0" -c "EXPOSE 80 443" 502a7a7faae8 janzen/nginx-centos7:1.20.1-v1.0 sha256:fd0513c9ae5e01e5be7122c7df7a1eb81a9ebce14a4752552cdd47b3be70f821 [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE janzen/nginx-centos7 1.20.1-v1.0 fd0513c9ae5e 12 seconds ago 559MB alpine latest c059bfaa849c 17 months ago 5.59MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 19 months ago 13.3kB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 19 months ago 204MB
2.5、基于生成的镜像，启动容器
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 --name nginx_v1.0 janzen/nginx-centos7:1.20.1-v1.0 nginx 571850aae7dfdfcdd24ddff07e9e98c3da1ceed03e0c89b9bc6bb66caa184ce5 [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 571850aae7df janzen/nginx-centos7:1.20.1-v1.0 "nginx" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx_v1.0
2.6、测试容器访问
[root@Docker-CentOS8-12 ~]# curl 10.0.0.11 nginix-1.20.1 on in docker [root@Docker-CentOS8-12 ~]#
三、利用 Dockerfile 文件执行 docker build 自动构建镜像
1、Dockerfile 介绍
Dockerfile 文件是一种由 Docker程序解释执行的文本文件，文件内容由一条条的Dockerfile指令构成，每条指令将通过Docker程序解释为对应为相应的Linux命令，Docker程序通过这些指令执行生成Docker镜像，相比于手动创建的镜像，Dockerfile更加直观地展示每一个镜像创建的过程。有了Dockerfile 后期在原有镜像上出现新的需求时，可以直接通过修改Dockerfile内容进行调整，并生成新的镜像，避免重复手动制作镜像的过程，实现类似于shell格式脚本。
2、Dockerfile 镜像制作和使用流程
3、Dockerfile 文件制作镜像的分层结构
#根据不同的镜像层级进行目录创建，便于后期管理镜像
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# mkdir -p /images/{system/{centos,ubuntu,alpine},webserver/{nginx,apache,tomcat},dev/python,database/{mysql,redis,mongdb}} [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]# tree /images/ /images/ ├── database │ ├── mongdb │ ├── mysql │ └── redis ├── dev │ └── python ├── system │ ├── alpine │ ├── centos │ └── ubuntu └── webserver ├── apache ├── nginx └── tomcat 14 directories, 0 files [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:~]#
4、Dockerfile 文件格式
Dockerfile 是一种有特定语法格式的文本文件
官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/
Dockerfile文件说明
每一行都以Dockerfile指令开头，指令不区分大小写格式，通常采用 全大写格式
使用 # 作为注释
每一行仅允许一条指令，但是可以携带多个参数
指令按照文件内容从上至下顺序执行
每一条指令执行都将生成一个新的镜像层，为了减少层和镜像大小，尽可能多的将多条指令合并为一条执行
每一条指令都是独立运行的，不会相互影响。例如：RUN cd /tmp 的结果不会对下一行 RUN echo > file 产生影响，file还是会被创建在工作目录下，而不是 /tmp 目录下
每次执行Dockerfile都将按照顺序执行，从头开始，执行过的指令将会生成缓存，再下次进行制作镜像时无需执行。但是如果其中一行内容发生变化，变化行之后的全部命令缓存将会被清空，重新执行，因此通常应该尽可能将变化性大的指令置于最后执行。
5、Dockerfile 命令
#Dockerfile 常用命令
FROM
LABEL
ENV
ADD
COPY
RUN
CMD
ENTRYPOINT
Dockerfile构建过程
1、从基础镜像运行一个容器
2、执行对应的指令对容器做出修改
3、执行类似docker commit 操作，提交一个新的中间层镜像（可以利用中间层镜像创建容器进行调试与排错）
4、再基于上一步生成的中间层镜像运行一个容器
5、执行下一条指令对上一步运行的容器进行修改，直至完成全部命令
Dockerfile指令总结
6、构建镜像命令 docker build 和 docker history
docker build 命令语法
Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | - Build an image from a Dockerfile Options: --add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) --build-arg list Set build-time variables --cache-from strings Images to consider as cache sources --cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container --compress Compress the build context using gzip --cpu-period int Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period --cpu-quota int Limit the CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota -c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight) --cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) --cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true) -f, --file string Name of the Dockerfile (Default is 'PATH/Dockerfile') #指定要使用的Dockerfile路径，可以是文件路径也可以是URL，默认为 PATH/Dockerfile, - 表示从标准输入 --force-rm Always remove intermediate containers #设置镜像过程中删除中间容器 --iidfile string Write the image ID to the file --isolation string Container isolation technology #使用容器隔离技术 --label list Set metadata for an image -m, --memory bytes Memory limit --memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap --network string Set the networking mode for the RUN instructions during build (default "default") --no-cache Do not use cache when building the image -o, --output stringArray Output destination (format: type=local,dest=path) --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable --progress string Set type of progress output (auto, plain, tty). Use plain to show container output (default "auto") --pull Always attempt to pull a newer version of the image -q, --quiet Suppress the build output and print image ID on success --rm Remove intermediate containers after a successful build (default true) --secret stringArray Secret file to expose to the build (only if BuildKit enabled): id=mysecret,src=/local/secret --security-opt strings Security options --shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm --squash Squash newly built layers into a single new layer --ssh stringArray SSH agent socket or keys to expose to the build (only if BuildKit enabled) (format: default|<id>[=<socket>|<key>[,<key>]]) --stream Stream attaches to server to negotiate build context -t, --tag list Name and optionally a tag in the 'name:tag' format #镜像的名字及标签，通常为 <项目名称 或 作者>/<镜像名>:<版本，默认为 latest> --target string Set the target build stage to build. --ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default [])
docker history 命令用法
Usage: docker history [OPTIONS] IMAGE Show the history of an image Options: --format string Pretty-print images using a Go template -H, --human Print sizes and dates in human readable format (default true) --no-trunc Don't truncate output -q, --quiet Only show numeric IDs
7、Dockerfile 案例：构建基于centos7基础镜像yum安装nginx服务镜像
# 调用官方基础镜像 centos7 FROM centos:7 # 执行命令 ## 清空原yum源 ## 下载阿里云源 ## 下载阿里云epel源 ## 重建yum数据缓存 ## 安装基础工具及nginx ## 重设时区设置 ## 写入网页文件 ## 在nginx配置文件中增加 daemon off; 配置禁用后台运行 RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* && \ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo && \ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo && \ yum clean all && \ yum makecache fast && \ yum install -y psmisc tree wget vim net-tools bash-completion iproute nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 && \ rm -rf /etc/localtime && \ ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \ mkdir /usr/share/doc/HTML -p && \ echo "<h1>nginx-1.20.1 base centOS 7 on docker</h1>" > /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html && \ sed -i '/^pid/a daemon off;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # 添加标签 ## 作者：janzen<janzen.com> ## 版本：v1.0 ## 描述 通过yum安装 nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 LABEL author="janzen<janzen.com>" version="v1.0" description="Installed nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 by yum" # 容器对外暴露端口 80 443 EXPOSE 80 443 # 启动容器执行命令 ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
基于nginx镜像基础上创建app1镜像
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:/images/app1]# ls Dockerfile index.html www.tar [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:/images/app1]# docker build -t janzen/app1:v3.0 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 9.964MB Step 1/9 : FROM centos:7 ---> eeb6ee3f44bd Step 2/9 : RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* && curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo && curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo && yum clean all && yum makecache fast && yum install -y psmisc tree wget vim net-tools bash-completion iproute nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 && rm -rf /etc/localtime && ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && mkdir /usr/share/doc/HTML -p && echo "<h1>nginx-1.20.1 base centOS 7 on docker</h1>" > /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html && sed -i '/^pid/a daemon off;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Using cache ---> ecd44cfdf119 Step 3/9 : ENV user="janzen" ---> Running in cb9417981cb1 Removing intermediate container cb9417981cb1 ---> ec209bf6726a Step 4/9 : RUN `ls /usr/share/nginx/html | grep ^[^0-9] `| xargs rm -rf ---> Running in bb6ba13888db /bin/sh: en-US: command not found Removing intermediate container bb6ba13888db ---> 2ba81f7248c1 Step 5/9 : COPY index.html /usr/share/nginx/html ---> 2a73d62713d0 Step 6/9 : ADD www.tar /usr/share/nginx/html ---> 77b6b9afdb4b Step 7/9 : LABEL author="${user}<janzen.com>" version="v3.0" description="Run APP1 on nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 by yum" ---> Running in 642b5d444277 Removing intermediate container 642b5d444277 ---> 3e73ebcf125b Step 8/9 : EXPOSE 80 443 ---> Running in 6846995f59c0 Removing intermediate container 6846995f59c0 ---> 1f261302a9aa Step 9/9 : ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"] ---> Running in 2f1113442ef0 Removing intermediate container 2f1113442ef0 ---> f65a9531bfc7 Successfully built f65a9531bfc7 Successfully tagged janzen/app1:v3.0
Dockerfile文件
# 调用官方基础镜像 centos7 FROM centos:7 # 执行命令 ## 清空原yum源 ## 下载阿里云源 ## 下载阿里云epel源 ## 重建yum数据缓存 ## 安装基础工具及nginx ## 重设时区设置 ## 写入网页文件 ## 在nginx配置文件中增加 daemon off; 配置禁用后台运行 RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* && \ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo && \ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo && \ yum clean all && \ yum makecache fast && \ yum install -y psmisc tree wget vim net-tools bash-completion iproute nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 && \ rm -rf /etc/localtime && \ ln -s ../usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && \ mkdir /usr/share/doc/HTML -p && \ echo "<h1>nginx-1.20.1 base centOS 7 on docker</h1>" > /usr/share/doc/HTML/index.html && \ sed -i '/^pid/a daemon off;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # 添加变量 user=janzen ENV user="janzen" # 运行命令：清空/usr/share/nginx/html目录下非数字开头的文件 RUN `ls /usr/share/nginx/html | grep ^[^0-9] `| xargs rm -rf # 复制宿主机当前目录下的 index.html 到 容器的 /usr/share/nginx/html COPY index.html /usr/share/nginx/html # 复制 www.tar 到 容器的/usr/share/nginx/html 并解压 ADD www.tar /usr/share/nginx/html # 添加标签 ## 作者：调用变量$user <janzen.com> ## 版本：v3.0 ## 描述 基于yum安装的 nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 运行APP1 LABEL author="${user}<janzen.com>" version="v3.0" description="Run APP1 on nginx-1.20.1-10.el7 by yum" # 容器对外暴露端口 80 443 EXPOSE 80 443 # 启动容器执行命令 ENTRYPOINT ["nginx"]
运行容器，并查看结果
[root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:/images/app1]# docker run -d -p 8080:80 janzen/app1:v3.0 b78238dfc17151a5ce2d3ec94bfa1da045112bb1833387d304ea505d8bb40601 [root@Docker-Ubu1804-p11:/images/app1]#
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