SAP MM 使用两个STO实现免关税跨国公司间转储
SAP MM 使用两个STO实现免关税跨国公司间转储
SAP项目实践中常常会有这样的场景：某个集团公司在多个国家有工厂和分销中心。制造工厂一般在发展中国家，分销中心设立在欧美国家。制造工厂把生产好的成品发往欧美的分销中心，然后由分销中心销售给最终客户。这在SAP系统上就是典型公司间STO。由于该流程涉及到不同国家的进出口，为了避免缴纳高额的关税，就在SAP系统上将货物先发往一个零关税的中转站，然后再由中转站发到目标分销中心。当然了，物理上，货物是直接从制造工厂所在国家发往分销中心所在的国家。
在项目实践中，在这个流程里可以选用的中转站，可以是香港，新加坡，美国以及印度。在这四个国家设立虚拟工厂，方便在SAP系统上做中转从而实现合法的避税，笔者在过去的项目实践中都有遇到过。
在这个流程中涉及到三个plant code，分属于不同的公司代码，其中就包括作为中转的虚拟工厂。整个流程主要包括的步骤如下：
|
Step |
Tcode |
Content |
|
1 |
ME21N |
Create 1st STO |
|
2 |
VL10B |
Create 1st Outbound Delivery based on 1st STO |
|
3 |
VL02N |
Pick/Pack for 1st Outbound Delivery |
|
4 |
VL02N |
Post Goods Issue for 1st Outbound delivery, automatically trigger 1st inbound delivery |
|
5 |
VF01 |
Create billing based on 1st Outbound delivery, generate IV for 1st STO. |
|
6 |
MIGO/VL33N |
Post Goods Receipt for the 1st Inbound Delivery. |
|
7 |
ME21N |
Create 2nd STO |
|
8 |
VL10B |
Create 2nd Outbound Delivery based on 2nd STO |
|
9 |
VL02N |
Pick/Pack for 2nd Outbound Delivery |
|
10 |
VL02N |
Post Goods Issue for 2nd Outbound delivery, automatically trigger 2nd inbound delivery |
|
11 |
VF01 |
Create billing based on 2nd Outbound delivery, generate IV for 2nd STO. |
|
12 |
MIGO/VL33N |
Post Goods Receipt for the 2nd Inbound Delivery. |
当然在项目实践中，上述步骤很多可以是自动化完成的，尤其是第二个STO单据的相关步骤。
笔者经历过的一个SAP项目里，对于这种通过两个STO的方式来实现免关税跨国公司间转储流程，通过高度的自动化技术，让系统自动完成了其中的绝大部分步骤，这有利的减轻了业务人员手工操作的工作量。
|
Step |
Tcode |
Content |
By manual/ automation |
Memo |
|
1 |
ME21N |
Create 1st STO |
By manual |
|
|
2 |
VL10B |
Create 1st Outbound Delivery based on 1st STO |
By manual |
|
|
3 |
VL02N |
Pick/Pack for 1st Outbound Delivery |
By manual |
|
|
4 |
VL02N |
Post Goods Issue for 1st Outbound delivery, automatically trigger 1st inbound delivery |
By manual |
|
|
5 |
VF01 |
Create billing based on 1st Outbound delivery, generate IV for 1st STO. |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
6 |
MIGO/VL33N |
Post Goods Receipt for the 1st Inbound Delivery. |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
7 |
ME21N |
Create 2nd STO |
Automation |
The output of 1st STO triggered 2nd STO. |
|
8 |
VL10B |
Create 2nd Outbound Delivery based on 2nd STO |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
9 |
VL02N |
Pick/Pack for 2nd Outbound Delivery |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
10 |
VL02N |
Post Goods Issue for 2nd Outbound delivery, automatically trigger 2nd inbound delivery |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
11 |
VF01 |
Create billing based on 2nd Outbound delivery, generate IV for 2nd STO. |
Automation |
Background job. |
|
12 |
MIGO/VL33N |
Post Goods Receipt for the 2nd Inbound Delivery. |
By manual |
|
-完-
写于2022-11-30.